Breast cancer survival continues to improve in the United States and other high-income nations, while women in low-income countries face rising death rates and widening gaps in care.
According to a major Lancet report covering 1990 to 2023, breast cancer death rates in the U.S. fell by more than 40% while rates of new diagnoses dropped by nearly 30%.
These findings parallel declining death rates in other high-income areas such as Western Europe, but sharply contrast with increasing death rates of more than 80% in low-income areas like Sub-Saharan Africa.
“These findings collectively suggest … there is progress being made in outcomes on the whole for women in high-income countries, which is great, while women living in the lowest income settings are experiencing an increasing burden of breast cancer,” Dr. Lisa Force, oncologist at the University of Washington and the study’s lead researcher, told ABC News.
Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide, according to the report. In 2023, nearly one in four women diagnosed with cancer had breast cancer.
Advances in screening, diagnosis and treatment have made breast cancer increasingly treatable, with five-year survival rates as high as 85-90% in many high-income countries.
However, these improvements do not represent an overarching triumph given breast cancer’s disproportionate burden in low-resource areas, the report suggested. Unequal access to screening and appropriate treatment are driving disparities, with inadequate screening leading to later-stage diagnoses that are harder to treat.
The researchers also noted that even in high-income countries, substantial disparities persist. For example, in the U.S., Black, non-Hispanic women have a 1.4 times higher death rate from breast cancer compared to White women.